Endocrine Abstracts

Adiponectin, an exclusive adipose-derived hormone, circulates at high concentration, and exerts metabolic effects. Adiponectin levels in the circulation correlate negatively with BMI, and low adiponectin concentrations are associated with the low grade inflammation and metabolic dysfunction that accompanies obesity. Adiponectin has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory activities, and to exert these effects by regulating macrophage function. The mechanism of adiponect...

Background: Arginine vasopressin (AVP) changes during altitude acclimatization is of clinical interest as increases in their plasma levels (with reference to sea-level (SL)) have been associated with fluid retention accompanied by elevated plasma cortisol levels. Studies have reported no change/ decrease in plasma AVP during ‘normal’ acclimatization. This study was conducted to evaluate plasma AVP changes and the associated physiological changes during chronic exposu...

Glucocorticoids (Gc) are the most potent anti-inflammatory agents known. A major factor limiting their clinical use is the wide variation in responsiveness to treatment between individuals and over time. Generating a reversible model of Gc resistance in vitro that will mimic the cellular microenvironment in vivo is critical in (i) defining biomarkers that predict patient steroid responsiveness; (ii) provide a model to screen new GR modulators capable of potentiating GR ...

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used extensively in the treatment of inflammatory disease. Unfortunately, as GC act on virtually every organ system they also carry a broad range of serious side-effects which limits their clinical use.The structure of the bound GC strongly impacts the final conformation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and thereby dictates downstream events. Designing drugs with different GR binding properties therefore offers a plausible ro...

Poor transitional care leads to increased loss to follow up, non-adherence to treatment, high morbidity and mortality. The paediatric and adult endocrinology teams in our Trust have been running a joint transition service since 10/2000. A review of this service was undertaken, in order to examine its effectiveness and to aid its improvement.The details of all 81 patients, who had been through transitional care between 10/00-09/09 were acquired. Their rec...

Screening for coeliac disease is routine at annual review in the Oxfordshire Children’s Diabetes Service and oro-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) is carried out following positive serology. Our protocol for Diabetes management during Day Case Endoscopy for confirming CD was revised in 2002 following audit. We re-audited our current practice to check adherence to the protocol and degree of blood glucose control.Data was collected from case notes, nursing no...

Transitional care has become a high priority for the Department of Health (1). The paediatric and adult endocrinology teams have been running a joint transition service since October 2000. A review of this service was undertaken in order to examine its effectiveness and aid service improvement.The details of all 81 patients, who had been through transitional care since October 2000, were acquired. Both their electronic records and adult endocrinology not...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic systemic inflammatory disease. Several new therapies exist for RA but long-term patient management remains problematic.We have discovered that hypoxia, a characteristic of inflamed tissues, potently inhibits glucocorticoid (Gc) sensitivity. This effect is mediated, in part by HIF1α, whose activity is induced in hypoxia. HIF1α gene expression is also induced in primary peripheral blood mononuclear ce...

Salivary cortisol is an increasingly popular tool in endocrine, psychological and sports studies. Immunoassays used for its measurement are limited by cross-reactivity from related steroids, mainly cortisone, which is abundant in saliva.A method was developed for the simultaneous measurement of cortisol and cortisone (SalF and SalE respectively) in saliva using LC-MS/MS. 40 μl of extract was injected onto a C8 4×2 mm guard cartridge attached to...

Although glucocorticoids (Gc) are used to treat a range of pathologies, an individuals response to therapy varies considerably. There is a distinct correlation between certain cell types and steroid sensitivity. Aberrant glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function is well-characterised in lymphoid malignant cells but not small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (DMS79) or osteosarcoma (U2OS) cell lines, which are both Gc resistant.Previously we have shown reduced GR cont...